Azure Blob Storage Requirements

This section describes the requirements, access privileges, and other features of Fivetran HVR when using Azure Blob Storage for replication. Azure Blob Storage is Microsoft's object storage solution for the cloud.

Supported Platforms

Learn about the Azure Blob Storage versions compatible with HVR on our Platform Support Matrix page (6.1.0, 6.1.5, 6.2.0, and 6.2.5).

Data Management

Learn how HVR maps data types between source and target DBMSes or file systems on the Data Type Mapping page.

Due to technical limitations, Azure Blob Storage is not supported in the HVR releases since 6.1.5/3 to 6.1.5/9.

Authentication

HVR does not support client side encryption (customer managed keys) for Azure Blob Storage. For more information about encryption of data in Azure Blob Storage, search for "encryption" in Azure Blob storage documentation.

Client Configuration Files

Client configuration files are not required for HVR to perform replication, however, they can be useful for debugging. Client configuration files contain settings for different services like HDFS, and others. If the HVR integrate machine is not part of the cluster, it is recommended to download the configuration files for the cluster so that the Hadoop client knows how to connect to HDFS.

The client configuration files for Cloudera Manager or Ambari for Hortonworks can be downloaded from the respective cluster manager's web interface. For more information about downloading client configuration files, search for "Client Configuration Files" in the respective documentation for Cloudera and Hortonworks.

Hive External Tables

To Compare files that reside on the Azure Blob Storage location, HVR allows you to create Hive external tables above Azure Blob Storage. The Hive ODBC connection can be enabled for Azure Blob Storage location by selecting the Hive External Tables field while creating a location or editing the existing location's file connection properties. For more information about configuring Hive external tables, refer to Hadoop Azure Support: Azure Blob Storage documentation.

ODBC Connection

HVR uses an ODBC connection to the Hadoop cluster for which it requires the ODBC driver (Amazon ODBC or HortonWorks ODBC) for Hive installed on the machine (or in the same network). The Amazon and HortonWorks ODBC drivers are similar and compatible to work with Hive 2.x release. However, it is recommended to use the Amazon ODBC driver for Amazon Hive and the Hortonworks ODBC driver for HortonWorks Hive. For information about the supported ODBC driver version, refer to the HVR release notes (hvr.rel) available in HVR_HOME directory or the download page.

On Linux, HVR additionally requires unixODBC.

By default, HVR uses Amazon ODBC driver for connecting to Hadoop. However, if you want to use the (user installed) Hortonworks ODBC driver, while creating a location or editing the existing location's file connection properties, use the ODBC Driver field in HVR UI and specify the ODBC driver.

Channel Configuration

For the file formats (CSV, JSON, and AVRO) the following action definitions are required to handle certain limitations of the Hive deserialization implementation during Bulk or Row-wise Compare:

For CSV
Group Table Action Parameter(s)
S3 * FileFormat NullRepresentation=\\N
S3 * TableProperties CharacterMapping="\x00>\\0;\n>\\n;\r>\\r;">\""
S3 * TableProperties MapBinary=BASE64

Group	Table	Action	Parameter(s)
S3	*	FileFormat	NullRepresentation=\\N
S3	*	TableProperties	CharacterMapping="\x00>\\0;\n>\\n;\r>\\r;">\""
S3	*	TableProperties	MapBinary=BASE64

For JSON
Group Table Action Parameter(s)
S3 * TableProperties MapBinary=BASE64
S3 * FileFormat JsonMode=ROW_FRAGMENTS
For Avro
Group Table Action Parameter(s)
S3 * FileFormat AvroVersion=v1_8
v1_8 is the default value for parameter AvroVersion, so it is not mandatory to define this action.

Group	Table	Action	Parameter(s)
S3	*	TableProperties	MapBinary=BASE64
S3	*	FileFormat	JsonMode=ROW_FRAGMENTS

Group	Table	Action	Parameter(s)
S3	*	FileFormat	AvroVersion=v1_8

Hadoop Client

For Linux (x64) and Windows (x64), it is not required to install and configure the Hadoop client. However, if you want to use the Hadoop client, set the environment variable HVR_AZURE_USE_HADOOP=1 and follow the steps mentioned below.

Hadoop client configuration steps.

The Hadoop client must be installed on the machine from which HVR will access the Azure Blob Storage. Internally, HVR uses C API libhdfs to connect, read and write data to the Azure Blob Storage during Capture, Continuous Integrate, Bulk Refresh, and Direct File Compare.

Azure Blob Storage locations can only be accessed through HVR running on Linux or Windows, and it is not required to run HVR installed on the Hadoop NameNode although it is possible to do so. For more information about installing Hadoop client, refer to Apache Hadoop Releases.

Hadoop Client Configuration

The following are required on the machine from which HVR connects to Azure Blob FS:

Hadoop 2.6.x client libraries with Java 7 Runtime Environment or Hadoop 3.x client libraries with Java 8 Runtime Environment. For downloading Hadoop, refer to Apache Hadoop Releases.
Set the environment variable $JAVA_HOME to the Java installation directory. Ensure that this is the directory that has a bin folder, e.g. if the Java bin directory is d:\java\bin, $JAVA_HOME should point to d:\java.
Set the environment variable $HADOOP_COMMON_HOME or $HADOOP_HOME or $HADOOP_PREFIX to the Hadoop installation directory, or the hadoop command line client should be available in the path.
One of the following configuration is recommended,
- Set $HADOOP_CLASSPATH=$HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/tools/lib/*
- Create a symbolic link for $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/tools/lib/ in $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/common or any other directory present in classpath.
  Since the binary distribution available in Hadoop website lacks Windows-specific executables, a warning about unable to locate winutils.exe is displayed. This warning can be ignored for using Hadoop library for client operations to connect to a HDFS server using HVR. However, the performance on integrate location would be poor due to this warning, so it is recommended to use a Windows-specific Hadoop distribution to avoid this warning. For more information about this warning, refer to Hadoop issue HADOOP-10051.

Verifying Hadoop Client Installation

To verify the Hadoop client installation,

The HADOOP_HOME/bin directory in Hadoop installation location should contain the hadoop executables in it.

Execute the following commands to verify Hadoop client installation:

$JAVA_HOME/bin/java -version
$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop version
$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop classpath

If the Hadoop client installation is verified successfully then execute the following command to check the connectivity between HVR and Azure Blob FS:
To execute this command successfully and avoid the error "ls: Password fs.adl.oauth2.client.id not found", few properties needs to be defined in the file core-site.xml available in the hadoop configuration folder (for e.g., <path>/hadoop-2.8.3/etc/hadoop). The properties to be defined differs based on the Mechanism (authentication mode). For more information, refer to section 'Configuring Credentials' in Hadoop Azure Blob FS Support documentation.
```
$HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -ls adl://<cluster>/
```

Verifying Hadoop Client Compatibility with Azure Blob Storage

To verify the compatibility of Hadoop client with Azure Blob Storage, check if the following JAR files are available in the Hadoop client installation location ( $HADOOP_HOME/share/hadoop/tools/lib ):

hadoop-azure-<version>.jar
azure-storage-<version>.jar